CT chest-cerebral angiography for basilar artery occlusion caused by pulmonary arteriovenous malformation

BMJ Case Rep. 2023 May 2;16(5):e253215. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2022-253215.

Abstract

Early diagnosis of basilar artery occlusion (BAO) based only on clinical findings is challenging. We present a fully recovered case of BAO caused by pulmonary arteriovenous malformation (PAVM) that was diagnosed early using a protocol for CT angiography (CTA) and promptly treated with endovascular therapy (EVT). A woman in her 50s complained of vertigo with normal level of consciousness (LOC). On arrival, her LOC decreased to a Grass Coma Scale score of 12, and we performed a CT chest-cerebral angiography protocol. Head CTA showed BAO, and an intravenous tissue plasminogen activator was administered, followed by EVT. Chest contrast-enhanced CT showed PAVM in segment 10 of the left lung, which was treated with coil embolisation. For patients with a complaint of vertigo, BAO should be suspected, even if they have an initially normal LOC. A CT chest-cerebral angiography protocol is useful for prompt diagnosis and treatment of BAO and can reveal undetermined causes.

Keywords: Emergency medicine; Radiology; Stroke; Venous thromboembolism.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Arterial Occlusive Diseases* / drug therapy
  • Arteriovenous Malformations* / complications
  • Arteriovenous Malformations* / diagnostic imaging
  • Arteriovenous Malformations* / therapy
  • Basilar Artery
  • Cerebral Angiography / methods
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator / therapeutic use
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Vertebrobasilar Insufficiency* / drug therapy

Substances

  • Tissue Plasminogen Activator