Macromolecular α-glucans with α-1,3/α-1,4 branching structures produced using dual glycosyltransferases: Elucidation of physicochemical and slowly digestible properties

Int J Biol Macromol. 2023 Jul 1;242(Pt 2):124921. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.124921. Epub 2023 May 16.

Abstract

Amylosucrase from Neisseria polysaccharea (NpAS) produces the linear amylose-like α-glucans by the elongation property from sucrose, and 4,3-α-glucanotransferase from Lactobacillus fermentum NCC 2970 (4,3-αGT) newly synthesizes the α-1,3 linkages after cleaving the α-1,4 linkages by the glycosyltransferring property. This study focused on the synthesis of high molecular α-1,3/α-1,4-linked glucans by combining NpAS and 4,3-αGT and analyzed their structural and digestive properties. The enzymatically synthesized α-glucans have a molecular weight of >1.6 × 107 g mol-1, and the α-4,3 branching ratios on the structures increased as the amount of 4,3-αGT increased. The synthesized α-glucans were hydrolyzed to linear maltooligosaccharides and α-4,3 branched α-limit dextrins (α-LDx) by human pancreatic α-amylase, and the amounts of produced α-LDx were increased depending on the ratio of synthesized α-1,3 linkages. In addition, approximately 80 % of the synthesized products were partially hydrolyzed by mammalian α-glucosidases, and the glucose generation rates decelerated as the amounts of α-1,3 linkages increased. In conclusion, new types of α-glucans with α-1,4 and α-1,3 linkages were successfully synthesized by a dual enzyme reaction. These can be utilized as slowly digestible and prebiotic ingredients in the gastrointestinal tract due to their novel linkage patterns and high molecular weights.

Keywords: 4,3-α-Glucanotransferase; Amylosucrase; Macromolecular α-glucans; Slowly digestible property; α-4,3 Branching structure.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Glucans* / chemistry
  • Glucose / chemistry
  • Glycosyltransferases*
  • Humans
  • Mammals
  • Sucrose / chemistry
  • alpha-Glucosidases

Substances

  • Glucans
  • Glycosyltransferases
  • Glucose
  • alpha-Glucosidases
  • Sucrose