Evaluation of oral health-related quality of life in children with acute lymphocytic leukemia/acute myelocytic leukemia: A cross-sectional study

Oral Dis. 2024 May;30(4):2663-2669. doi: 10.1111/odi.14614. Epub 2023 May 19.

Abstract

Objective: Chemotherapy and radiotherapy, used to treat childhood hematological malignancies (acute lymphocytic leukemia [ALL] and acute myelocytic leukemia [AML]) can negatively affect oral tissues and organs. This study aimed to evaluate the oral health-related quality of life in children with ALL/AML.

Materials and methods: A total of 99 children, including 49 undergoing ALL/AML (41 with ALL and eight with AML) and 50 healthy volunteers, were included in this cross-sectional study. The mean age of the entire study group was 78.63 ± 34.41 months. The mean age of the ALL/AML and control groups was 87.12 ± 35.04 and 70.95 ± 34.85 months, respectively. The Simplified Oral Hygiene Index (SOHI), the Decayed, Missing, and Filled Teeth (DMFT/dmft) index, and the Turkish version of the Early Childhood Oral Health Impact Scale (ECOHIS-T) were administered to all children. The data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). The Pearson chi-square and Fisher's exact tests were used to compare demographic data.

Results: The age and gender distributions of the two groups were similar. According to ECOHIS-T, the children in the ALL/AML group had significantly more loss of function (eating, drinking, sleeping, etc.) than those in the control group.

Conclusions: Oral health and self-care were negatively affected by childhood ALL/AML and its treatment.

Keywords: DMF index; hematological malignancies; oral health; quality of life.

MeSH terms

  • Case-Control Studies
  • Child
  • Child, Preschool
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • DMF Index
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute* / psychology
  • Male
  • Oral Health*
  • Oral Hygiene Index
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma* / psychology
  • Quality of Life*