A cross-sectional study identifying disparities in serum metabolic profiles among hypertensive patients with ISH, IDH and SDH subtypes

Yang Shen; Pan Wang; Xinchun Yang; Mulei Chen; Ying Dong; Jing Li

doi:10.3389/fcvm.2023.1102754

A cross-sectional study identifying disparities in serum metabolic profiles among hypertensive patients with ISH, IDH and SDH subtypes

Front Cardiovasc Med. 2023 May 4:10:1102754. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2023.1102754. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Yang Shen^#¹, Pan Wang^#^{2

3}, Xinchun Yang^{2

3}, Mulei Chen^{2

3}, Ying Dong^{2

3}, Jing Li^{2

3}

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nephrology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
² Heart Center & Beijing Key Laboratory of Hypertension, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.
³ Department of Cardiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

Background: It has been well acknowledged that disordered intestinal microflora and their fermented products play crucial role during the development of hypertension (HTN). Aberrant profiles of fecal bacteria have been documented in subjects with isolated systolic HTN (ISH) and isolated diastolic HTN (IDH) previously. Nevertheless, evidence regarding the association of metabolic products in the bloodstream with ISH, IDH and combined systolic and diastolic HTN (SDH) remains scarce.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional study and conducted untargeted liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC/MS) analysis on serum samples of 119 participants, including 13 subjects with normotension (SBP < 120/DBP < 80 mm Hg), 11 individuals with ISH (SBP ≥ 130/DBP < 80 mm Hg), 27 patients with IDH (SBP < 130/DBP ≥ 80 mm Hg), and 68 SDH patients (SBP ≥ 130, DBP ≥ 80 mm Hg).

Results: Here, the results showed clearly separated clusters in PLS-DA and OPLS-DA score plots for patients suffering from ISH, IDH and SDH when compared with normotension controls. The ISH group was characterized by elevated levels of 3,5-tetradecadien carnitine and notable reduction of maleic acid. While IDH patients were enriched with metabolites in L-lactic acid and depleted in citric acid. Stearoylcarnitine was identified to be specifically enriched in SDH group. The differentially abundant metabolites between ISH and controls were involved in tyrosine metabolism pathways, and in biosynthesis of phenylalanine for those between SDH and controls. Potential linkages between the gut microbial and serum metabolic signatures were detected within ISH, IDH and SDH groups. Furthermore, we found the association of discriminatory metabolites with the characteristics of patients.

Conclusion: Our findings demonstrate disparate blood metabolomics signatures across ISH, IDH and SDH, with differentially enriched metabolites and potential functional pathways identified, reveal the underlying microbiome and metabolome network in HTN subtypes, and provide potential targets for disease classification and therapeutic strategy in clinical practice.

Keywords: combined systolic and diastolic hypertension; hypertension; isolated diastolic hypertension; isolated systolic hypertension; metabolomics.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (7222067), the National Key R&D Program of China (2022YFF0710603), Beijing Hospitals Authority Clinical Medicine Development of Special Funding Support (XMLX202135), the Science and Technology Innovation Fund of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (21kcjj-12), and Research ward Funding Support of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital (YJXBF202207).