Liquid-based cytology (LBC) with immunocytochemical staining improves fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) performance for salivary gland tumors

Junya Kimura; Norihiko Narita; Yoshiaki Imamura; Takahiro Tokunaga; Masaki Mori; Haruka Matsukawa; Kazumi Furuichi; Yumi Ito; Yoshimasa Imoto; Tetsuji Takabayashi; Shigeharu Fujieda

doi:10.1016/j.prp.2023.154582

Liquid-based cytology (LBC) with immunocytochemical staining improves fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA) performance for salivary gland tumors

Pathol Res Pract. 2023 Aug:248:154582. doi: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154582. Epub 2023 May 29.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan; Division of Diagnostic Pathology / Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, 23 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
² Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan. Electronic address: norihiko@u-fukui.ac.jp.
³ Division of Diagnostic Pathology / Surgical Pathology, University of Fukui Hospital, 23 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
⁴ Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23 Shimoaizuki, Matsuoka, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.

PMID: 37267770
DOI: 10.1016/j.prp.2023.154582

Abstract

Background: Liquid-based cytology (LBC), now used globally for the head and neck region, has been used at our hospital since 2011. This study was designed to analyze the efficacy of LBC with immunocytochemical staining on preoperative diagnosis of salivary gland tumors.

Methods: This retrospective analysis of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) performance for salivary gland tumors was conducted at Fukui University Hospital. Salivary gland tumor operations conducted during April 2006 - December 2010 (84 cases) were classified as the Conventional Smear (CS) group, which were diagnosed morphologically by Papanicolaou and Giemsa staining. Those done during January 2012 - April 2017 (112 cases) were classified as the LBC group, which were diagnosed using LBC samples with immunocytochemical staining. The FNA results and pathological diagnosis of both groups were analyzed to calculate the FNA performance.

Results: Compared to the CS group, cases of inadequate and indeterminate FNA sample were not reduced significantly by LBC with immunocytochemical staining. As for FNA performance, the accuracy, sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) of CS group were, respectively, 88.7%, 53.3%, 100%, 100%, and 87.0%. Those of LBC group were all 100%, representing significant improvement over the CS group.

Conclusions: Analysis results indicated the usefulness of LBC with immunocytochemical staining for preoperative diagnosis of salivary gland tumors.

Keywords: Fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA); Immunocytochemical staining; Liquid-based cytology (LBC); Salivary gland tumor; Sensitivity; Specificity.

MeSH terms

Biopsy, Fine-Needle / methods
Cytodiagnosis
Humans
Retrospective Studies
Salivary Gland Neoplasms* / diagnosis
Salivary Gland Neoplasms* / pathology
Sensitivity and Specificity
Staining and Labeling