Aspirin as a thromboprophylaxis agent after revision knee arthroplasty: A retrospective analysis

Eslam Abourisha; Ananth Srinivasan; Amit Bishnoi; Simon Rudge; Alistair Best; Urjit Chatterji

doi:10.1016/j.jor.2023.05.006

Aspirin as a thromboprophylaxis agent after revision knee arthroplasty: A retrospective analysis

J Orthop. 2023 May 22:41:23-27. doi: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.05.006. eCollection 2023 Jul.

Authors

Eslam Abourisha¹, Ananth Srinivasan¹, Amit Bishnoi¹, Simon Rudge¹, Alistair Best¹, Urjit Chatterji¹

Affiliation

¹ University Hospitals of Leicester NHS Trust, UK.

PMID: 37275515
PMCID: PMC10238834 (available on 2024-07-01)
DOI: 10.1016/j.jor.2023.05.006

Abstract

Introduction: Total knee arthroplasty is a common and effective procedure. Although complication rates are low, certain complications such as venous thromboembolism are potentially serious. The optimal prophylactic agent and dosage after revision knee arthroplasty remains unclear. The main objective of this work was to study the efficacy and safety of aspirin as a thromboprophylaxis agent following revision knee arthroplasties.

Patients and methods: A retrospective review of patients undergoing revision knee arthroplasty between 2013 and 2020at a University Teaching Hospital was undertaken. The primary outcome was the development of a symptomatic thromboembolic event requiring treatment within 90 days post-surgery. The secondary outcomes were adverse events associated with aspirin therapy: surgical site infection rate; incidence of major bleeding; readmission rate and mortality within 90 days post-surgery.

Results: 490 patients were included. 374 (76.3%) received prophylactic aspirin (150 mg once daily for 28 days) and 75 (15.3%) patients received dalteparin for 28 days due to contraindication to aspirin use. Those already receiving other thromboprophylaxis agents for pre-existing comorbidities continued these after relevant medical consultation. The overall rates of venous thromboembolism and symptomatic DVT after aspirin prophylaxis were 0.6% (3/490) and 0.8% (3/374), respectively. VTE incidence did not significantly differ between those administered aspirin and other agents. No patient experienced major bleeding within 90 postoperative days. Only 2 of 490 (0.4%) patients had wound infection requiring readmission; neither received prophylactic aspirin.

Conclusion: Extended out-of-hospital thromboembolic prophylaxis with aspirin may be at least as effective as other agents in patients undergoing revision knee arthroplasty. Aspirin is safe, effective, and cheap compared with other agents.

Keywords: Aspirin; Deep vein thrombosis; Revision knee arthroplasty; Venous thromboembolism.