The predictive value of self-efficacy in the evolution of rheumatoid arthritis and its relationship with pain and function

Abstract

Background and objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) primarily affects the upper limbs and can cause disturbances in the performance of daily activities. The main objective of this study was to establish the relationship between self-efficacy, pain intensity, and duration of symptoms in patients with RA and analyse how each influences functional disability, and to determine the predictive value of self-efficacy over the other variables.

Methods: Cross-sectional study with a sample of 117 women diagnosed with RA. The endpoints were the visual analogue scale (VAS), Quick-DASH questionnaire and the Spanish scale of self-efficacy in rheumatic diseases.

Results: The most significant model for function (R² = 0.35) includes function and pain, therefore, there is a relationship between self-efficacy, pain intensity, and upper limb functionality.

Discussion and conclusions: Our results agree with previous studies where a relationship between self-efficacy and functional disability is established, as well as self-efficacy and its relationship with physical functions, demonstrating that a low level of self-efficacy implies a decrease in functionality; however, no variable is more predictive than another.

Keywords: Autoeficacia; Enfermedades reumáticas; Funcionalidad; Functionality; Intensidad del dolor; Pain intensity; Rheumatic diseases; Self-efficacy.