Extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet in health and diabetes

Junlun Wei; Zhenghao Wang; Tingrui Han; Jiaoting Chen; Yiran Ou; Lan Wei; Xinyue Zhu; Ke Wang; Zhe Yan; Yuan-Ping Han; Xiaofeng Zheng

doi:10.3389/fendo.2023.1170237

Extracellular vesicle-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet in health and diabetes

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne). 2023 May 25:14:1170237. doi: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1170237. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Junlun Wei¹, Zhenghao Wang^{1

2}, Tingrui Han¹, Jiaoting Chen¹, Yiran Ou¹, Lan Wei¹, Xinyue Zhu¹, Ke Wang³, Zhe Yan¹, Yuan-Ping Han⁴, Xiaofeng Zheng¹

Affiliations

¹ Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Center for Diabetes and Metabolism Research, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
² The Rolf Luft Research Center for Diabetes and Endocrinology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
³ Department of Vascular Surgery, University Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, China.
⁴ The Center for Growth, Metabolism and Aging, The College of Life Sciences, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Abstract

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a systemic metabolic disease with high mortality and morbidity. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as a novel class of signaling molecules, biomarkers and therapeutic agents. EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islets plays a crucial role in the regulation of insulin secretion of β-cells and insulin action in peripheral insulin target tissues, maintaining glucose homeostasis under physiological conditions, and it's also involved in pathological changes including autoimmune response, insulin resistance and β-cell failure associated with DM. In addition, EVs may serve as biomarkers and therapeutic agents that respectively reflect the status and improve function and viability of pancreatic islets. In this review, we provide an overview of EVs, discuss EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan crosstalk of pancreatic islet under physiological and diabetic conditions, and summarize the emerging applications of EVs in the diagnosis and treatment of DM. A better understanding of EVs-mediated intercellular and interorgan communication of pancreatic islets will broaden and enrich our knowledge of physiological homeostasis maintenance as well as the development, diagnosis and treatment of DM.

Keywords: diabetes mellitus; extracellular vesicles; organ crosstalk; pancreatic islet; therapeutic agent.

Publication types

Review
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

Cell Physiological Phenomena
Diabetes Mellitus*
Extracellular Vesicles*
Humans
Insulin
Islets of Langerhans*

Substances

Insulin

Grants and funding

This work is supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82070846), EFSD and Lilly EXPLORING AND APPLYING NEW STRATEGIES IN DIABETES (EXPAND) Programme, Program for Overseas High-Level Talents Introduction of Sichuan Province of China (2021JDGD0038) and The Science & Technology Department of Sichuan Province (2021YJ0442).