N4-Acetylcytidine Drives Glycolysis Addiction in Gastric Cancer via NAT10/SEPT9/HIF-1α Positive Feedback Loop

Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Aug;10(23):e2300898. doi: 10.1002/advs.202300898. Epub 2023 Jun 16.

Abstract

Anti-angiogenic therapy has long been considered a promising strategy for solid cancers. Intrinsic resistance to hypoxia is a major cause for the failure of anti-angiogenic therapy, but the underlying mechanism remains unclear. Here, it is revealed that N4-acetylcytidine (ac4C), a newly identified mRNA modification, enhances hypoxia tolerance in gastric cancer (GC) cells by promoting glycolysis addiction. Specifically, acetyltransferase NAT10 transcription is regulated by HIF-1α, a key transcription factor of the cellular response to hypoxia. Further, acRIP-sequencing, Ribosome profiling sequencing, RNA-sequencing, and functional studies confirm that NAT10 in turn activates the HIF-1 pathway and subsequent glucose metabolism reprogramming by mediating SEPT9 mRNA ac4C modification. The formation of the NAT10/SEPT9/HIF-1α positive feedback loop leads to excessive activation of the HIF-1 pathway and induces glycolysis addiction. Combined anti-angiogenesis and ac4C inhibition attenuate hypoxia tolerance and inhibit tumor progression in vivo. This study highlights the critical roles of ac4C in the regulation of glycolysis addiction and proposes a promising strategy to overcome resistance to anti-angiogenic therapy by combining apatinib with ac4C inhibition.

Keywords: NAT10; ac4C; gastric cancer; glucose metabolism reprogramming; hypoxias.

MeSH terms

  • Feedback
  • Glycolysis
  • Humans
  • Hypoxia
  • N-Terminal Acetyltransferases
  • RNA, Messenger
  • Stomach Neoplasms*

Substances

  • N-acetylcytidine
  • RNA, Messenger
  • NAT10 protein, human
  • N-Terminal Acetyltransferases