Bisphenol-S Influence on Oxidative Stress and Endocrine Biomarkers of Reproductive System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Beheshteh Abouhamzeh; Zohreh Zare; Moslem Mohammadi; Mahmood Moosazadeh; Alireza Nourian

doi:10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_271_21

Bisphenol-S Influence on Oxidative Stress and Endocrine Biomarkers of Reproductive System: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

Int J Prev Med. 2023 Mar 21:14:37. doi: 10.4103/ijpvm.ijpvm_271_21. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Beheshteh Abouhamzeh¹, Zohreh Zare², Moslem Mohammadi³, Mahmood Moosazadeh⁴, Alireza Nourian¹

Affiliations

¹ Alireza Nourian Department of Anatomical Sciences, School of Medicine, AJA University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
² Department of Anatomical Sciences, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Sari, Iran.
³ Department of Physiology, Molecular and Cell Biology Research Center, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.
⁴ Department of Epidemiology, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Non-communicable Diseases Institute, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

Abstract

Background: Bisphenol-S (BPS), as a new human public health concern, was introduced to the plastic industry by BPA-free labeled products following the restrictions of Bisphenol-A (BPA) as a safe alternative. However, recent research has revealed a controversial issue. In this regard, the present study aimed to review the relationship between BPS exposure and reproductive system dis/malfunction.

Methods: PubMed and other databases were searched up to January 2021. The standard mean difference (SMD) with a 95% confidence interval (CI) was calculated for the main parameters using the random-effects model. Finally, 12 studies with 420 subjects were included in this research. Forest plot, meta-regression, and non-linear dose-response effect were calculated for each parameter by random-effects model.

Results: Based on the results of in vitro assessment, a significant increase was found in the oxidative stress parameters, including superoxide dismutase (SMD: 0.63, 95% CI: 0.321, 0.939), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (SMD: 0.760, 95% CI: 0.423, 1.096), and reactive oxygen species (SMD: 0.484, 95% CI: 0.132, 0.835). In addition, the hormonal assessment revealed a significant decrease in male testosterone concertation (SMD: -0.476, 95% CI: -0.881, -0.071). Moreover, in vivo examination revealed a significant decrease in hormonal parameters, such as female testosterone (SMD: -0.808, 95% CI: -1.149, -0.467), female estrogen (SMD: -2.608, 95% CI: -4.588, -0.628), female luteinizing hormone (SMD: -0.386, 95% CI: -0.682, -0.089), and female follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) (SMD: -0.418, 95% CI: -0.716, -0.119). Besides, linear and non-linear correlations were detected in the main parameters.

Conclusion: In conclusion, based on the current meta-analysis, BPS was suggested to be toxic for the reproductive system, similar to the other bisphenols. Moreover, a possible correlation was indicated between oxidative and hormonal status disruption induced by BPS in male and female reproductive systems dis/malfunction.

Keywords: Bisphenol S; gland; meta-analysis; oxidative stress; reproductive system.

Publication types

Review