Optical and Mechanical Properties of New Ceramic CAD/CAM Materials

D A Reid; J I Matis; W Lien; C J Raimondi; S C Arnason; N B DuVall; K S Vandewalle

doi:10.2341/22-098-L

Optical and Mechanical Properties of New Ceramic CAD/CAM Materials

Oper Dent. 2023 Jul 1;48(4):425-434. doi: 10.2341/22-098-L.

Authors

D A Reid¹, J I Matis², W Lien³, C J Raimondi⁴, S C Arnason⁵, N B DuVall⁶, K S Vandewalle⁷

Affiliations

¹ Daniel A Reid, DMD, MS, Capt, USAF, DC, deputy program director, Advanced Education in General Dentistry Residency, Eglin AFB, FL 32542; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
² Jeremy I. Matis, DDS, MS, Maj, USAF, DC, Chief of Dental Services, Grand Forks AFB, North Dakota; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
³ Wen Lien, DMD, MS, MS, Col, USAF, DC, director, Dental Materials Research, USAF Dental Research and Consultation Service, Joint Base San Antonio - Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁴ Christopher J Raimondi, DDS, MS, MS, Lt Col, USAF, DC, co-director, Dental Materials Research, USAF Dental Research and Consultation Service, Joint Base San Antonio - Fort Sam Houston, TX, USA; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁵ Stephen C Arnason, DDS, MS, Maj, USAF, DC, program director, Advanced Education in General Dentistry Residency, Travis AFB, CA, USA; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁶ Nicholas B DuVall, DDS, MS, Col, USAF, DC, squadron commander, Dental Clinic Offutt AFB, NE, USA; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.
⁷ *Kraig S Vandewalle, DDS, MS, Col (ret), USAF, DC, Air Force consultant, Dental Research, Advanced Education in General Dentistry Residency, AF Postgraduate Dental School, Joint Base San Antonio - Lackland, TX, USA; Uniformed Services University of the Health Sciences, Bethesda, MD, USA.

PMID: 37399004
DOI: 10.2341/22-098-L

Abstract

Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the optical and mechanical properties of newer ceramic CAD/CAM materials to more established materials on the market.

Methods and materials: The following ceramic materials were tested: lithium disilicate/lithium-aluminum silicate (Tessera, Dentsply/Sirona), lithium disilicate (Initial LiSi Block, GC), IPS e.max CAD, Ivoclar Vivadent), and 4Y polycrystalline stabilized zirconia (IPS e.max ZirCAD MT, Ivoclar Vivadent; Katana STML, Kuraray; YZ ST, VITA). Optical properties (translucency, opalescence) were determined using a dental spectrophotometer on 0.5-, 1.0-, 1.5-, or 2.0-mm specimens. Mechanical properties (flexural strength, flexural modulus, flexural fatigue strength, Weibull modulus, and characteristic strength) were determined with beams undergoing 3-point bend testing. The data were analyzed with multiple analyses of variance and Tukey's post hoc tests (α=0.05).

Results: Significant differences were found between groups based on type of ceramic or property (p<0.05).

Conclusions: In general, the lithium disilicate based-ceramic materials had greater optical properties and lower mechanical properties than the zirconia-based ceramic materials.

MeSH terms

Ceramics* / chemistry
Computer-Aided Design
Dental Porcelain* / chemistry
Materials Testing
Surface Properties
Zirconium / chemistry

Substances

Vivadent
zirconium oxide
Dental Porcelain
Zirconium