[The FEV1/VC ratio to define bronchial obstruction: Should we use a fixed ratio or the lower limit of normal?]

Abstract

Introduction: While the screening of chronic obstructive lung diseases (COPD, asthma, etc.) constitutes a major public health issue in France and worldwide, simple spirometry appears currently as the key to meeting the challenge. Since description of the forced expiratory maneuver by Robert Tiffeneau in 1947, it has been admitted that the FEV₁/VC ratio permits diagnosis obstructive pulmonary diseases. However, the diagnostic criteria for this ratio remain uncertain. The long-lasting debate between advocates of a 0.7 "fixed ratio" (FR) of 0.7 and advocates of the "lower limit of normal" (LLN) remains relevant.

State of the arts: In this general review, we describe the respective advantages of the FR and LLN criteria according to the most recently published studies, and characterize the conditions associated with discrepancies between these criteria.

Perspectives and conclusions: FR and LLN appear not to share similar diagnosis values and the use of both criteria facilitates proposal of an up-to-date interpretation and diagnosis strategy in the context of first-line spirometry, particularly for patients with FEV₁/VC ratio in the "grey zone".

Keywords: GLI reference values; GOLD; Normes GLI; Obstructive ventilatory defect; Rapport de Tiffeneau; Spirometry; Spirométrie; Tiffeneau ratio; Trouble ventilatoire obstructif.