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Randomized Controlled Trial
. 2023 Jul 3;6(7):e2325803.
doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.25803.

Low-Dose Aspirin and the Risk of Stroke and Intracerebral Bleeding in Healthy Older People: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Geoffrey C Cloud  1 , Jeff D Williamson  2 , Le Thi Phuong Thao  3 , Cammie Tran  3 , Charles B Eaton  4 , Rory Wolfe  3 , Mark R Nelson  5 , Christopher M Reid  3   6 , Anne B Newman  7 , Jessica Lockery  3 , Sharyn M Fitzgerald  3 , Anne M Murray  8 , Raj C Shah  9 , Robyn L Woods  3 , Geoffrey A Donnan  10 , John J McNeil  3
Affiliations
Randomized Controlled Trial

Low-Dose Aspirin and the Risk of Stroke and Intracerebral Bleeding in Healthy Older People: Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Geoffrey C Cloud et al. JAMA Netw Open. .

Erratum in

  • Incorrect Data in Results and Figures.
    [No authors listed] [No authors listed] JAMA Netw Open. 2023 Oct 2;6(10):e2340464. doi: 10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2023.40464. JAMA Netw Open. 2023. PMID: 37843867 Free PMC article. No abstract available.

Abstract

Importance: Low-dose aspirin has been widely used for primary and secondary prevention of stroke. The balance between potential reduction of ischemic stroke events and increased intracranial bleeding has not been established in older individuals.

Objective: To establish the risks of ischemic stroke and intracranial bleeding among healthy older people receiving daily low-dose aspirin.

Design, setting, and participants: This secondary analysis of the Aspirin in Reducing Events in the Elderly (ASPREE) randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of daily low-dose aspirin was conducted among community-dwelling people living in Australia or the US. Participants were older adults free of symptomatic cardiovascular disease. Recruitment took place between 2010 and 2014, and participants were followed up for a median (IQR) of 4.7 (3.6-5.7) years. This analysis was completed from August 2021 to March 2023.

Interventions: Daily 100-mg enteric-coated aspirin or matching placebo.

Main outcomes and measures: Stroke and stroke etiology were predetermined secondary outcomes and are presented with a focus on prevention of initial stroke or intracranial bleeding event. Outcomes were assessed by review of medical records.

Results: Among 19 114 older adults (10 782 females [56.4%]; median [IQR] age, 74 [71.6-77.7] years), 9525 individuals received aspirin and 9589 individuals received placebo. Aspirin did not produce a statistically significant reduction in the incidence of ischemic stroke (hazard ratio [HR], 0.89; 95% CI, 0.71-1.11). However, a statistically significant increase in intracranial bleeding was observed among individuals assigned to aspirin (108 individuals [1.1%]) compared with those receiving placebo (79 individuals [0.8%]; HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.03-1.84). This occurred by an increase in a combination of subdural, extradural, and subarachnoid bleeding with aspirin compared with placebo (59 individuals [0.6%] vs 41 individuals [0.4%]; HR, 1.45; 95% CI, 0.98-2.16). Hemorrhagic stroke was recorded in 49 individuals (0.5%) assigned to aspirin compared with 37 individuals (0.4%) in the placebo group (HR, 1.33; 95% CI, 0.87-2.04).

Conclusions and relevance: This study found a significant increase in intracranial bleeding with daily low-dose aspirin but no significant reduction of ischemic stroke. These findings may have particular relevance to older individuals prone to developing intracranial bleeding after head trauma.

Trial registration: ISRCTN.org Identifier: ISRCTN83772183.

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Conflict of interest statement

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: Dr Williamson reported receiving funding from Biogen outside the submitted work. Dr Nelson reported serving on the Novartis Lipid Advisory Board in 2020. Dr Donnan reported receiving personal fees from Allergan, Amgen, and Argenica. No other disclosures were reported.

Figures

Figure 1.
Figure 1.. Study Flowchart
Figure 2.
Figure 2.. Overall Incidence Rates of Major Events Related to First Stroke and Major Bleeding
Error bars indicate 95% CIs.
Figure 3.
Figure 3.. Forest Plot of First Intracranial Bleed by Subgroup
HR indicates hazard ratio.
Figure 4.
Figure 4.. Incidence of Major Events Related to First Occurrence of Stroke and Major Bleeding
HR indicates hazard ratio.
See this image and copyright information in PMC

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