Effect of the Nicotine Replacement Therapy on Biomarkers of Inflammation, Endothelial Dysfunction, Oxidative Stress, and Lipids in Smokers Who Quit Smoking

Abstract

Introduction: Our previous study showed major changes in biomarkers on quitting compared to the smoking state. They reflected a decrease in inflammation, endothelial activation, and oxidative stress, as well as an improved lipid profile. Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is effective to increase the rate of successful quitting, but healthcare professionals may have concerns to prescribe this first-line smoking cessation treatment because its effect on inflammation and related processes is controversial.

Aims and methods: The present study assessed the influence of NRT on biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and lipids, in people who quit smoking. Sixty-five subjects who daily smoke cigarettes were recruited and followed on quitting. Thirty-five quit using NRT and thirty quit without NRT. Biomarkers of inflammation, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and lipids were quantified at baseline when actively smoking and after cessation in the presence of NRT or not.

Results: Changes in biomarkers on quitting did not differ according to the treatment used. No difference was found when comparing participants who were exposed to NRT and those who were not.

Conclusions: These results may indicate that NRT has no effect on inflammation, endothelial function, oxidative stress, and lipids, when used as a medication aid for quitting smoking.

Implications: This study provides new evidence to support the safety profile of NRT products regarding the biomarkers of endothelial function, oxidative stress, inflammation, and lipids.