The authors studied the effect of cavinton (15-45 mg/day) and its combinations with different anticonvulsants on the time-course of different forms of epilepsy. In 20 of the 31 patients studied treatment with cavinton either significantly decreased the frequency of attacks or led to their complete disappearance; in 7 patients the improvement was insignificant and in 4 the condition deteriorated. The greatest effect of cavinton was observed in generalized tonic-clonic convulsions and when they were combined with absences. Clinical improvement not always correlated with EEG normalization. A suggestion is made that the mechanism of the anticonvulsive action of cavinton may be explained both by the normalization of the cerebral blood flow and elimination of hypoxia and by the fact that the drug may possess anticonvulsive properties unrelated to the normalization of the cerebral hemodynamics.