Urine Output Monitoring and Acute Kidney Injury in Non-mammalian Exotic Animal Critical Care

Stacey Leonatti Wilkinson

doi:10.1016/j.cvex.2023.05.008

Urine Output Monitoring and Acute Kidney Injury in Non-mammalian Exotic Animal Critical Care

Vet Clin North Am Exot Anim Pract. 2023 Sep;26(3):673-710. doi: 10.1016/j.cvex.2023.05.008.

Author

Stacey Leonatti Wilkinson¹

Affiliation

¹ Avian and Exotic Animal Hospital of Georgia, 118 Pipemakers Circle Suite 110, Pooler, GA 31322, USA. Electronic address: drw@avianexotichospital.com.

PMID: 37516459
DOI: 10.1016/j.cvex.2023.05.008

Abstract

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a sudden, severe decrease in kidney function which can occur in any species. There are various causes of AKI, some of which are seen in domestic species and some that are unique to birds, reptiles, and amphibians. These species present unique challenges with AKI management, such as differences in anatomy and physiology, intravenous and urinary catheterization, repeated blood sampling, and their tendency to present in advanced states of illness. This article will discuss AKI, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis for non-mammalian exotic species.

Keywords: Acute; Avian; Diuretic; Fluid therapy; Gout; Kidney; Reptile; Urine output.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Acute Kidney Injury* / diagnosis
Acute Kidney Injury* / therapy
Acute Kidney Injury* / veterinary
Amphibians
Animals
Animals, Exotic*
Critical Care
Critical Illness
Reptiles