Type 2 chronic inflammatory diseases: targets, therapies and unmet needs

Nat Rev Drug Discov. 2023 Sep;22(9):743-767. doi: 10.1038/s41573-023-00750-1. Epub 2023 Aug 1.

Abstract

Over the past two decades, significant progress in understanding of the pathogenesis of type 2 chronic inflammatory diseases has enabled the identification of compounds for more than 20 novel targets, which are approved or at various stages of development, finally facilitating a more targeted approach for the treatment of these disorders. Most of these newly identified pathogenic drivers of type 2 inflammation and their corresponding treatments are related to mast cells, eosinophils, T cells, B cells, epithelial cells and sensory nerves. Epithelial barrier defects and dysbiotic microbiomes represent exciting future drug targets for chronic type 2 inflammatory conditions. Here, we review common targets, current treatments and emerging therapies for the treatment of five major type 2 chronic inflammatory diseases - atopic dermatitis, chronic prurigo, chronic urticaria, asthma and chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps - with a high need for targeted therapies. Unmet needs and future directions in the field are discussed.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Chronic Disease
  • Dermatitis, Atopic*
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Sinusitis* / drug therapy