Resistance pattern of isolated microorganisms from 783 clinical specimen cultures in patients admitted to Yasuj Educational Hospitals, Iran

Fatemeh Forouzani; Tahere Khasti; Leila Manzouri; Sara Ravangard; Reza Shahriarirad; Maryam Koleini; Nazanin Ayareh; Gordafarin Nikbakht

doi:10.1186/s12866-023-02952-4

Resistance pattern of isolated microorganisms from 783 clinical specimen cultures in patients admitted to Yasuj Educational Hospitals, Iran

BMC Microbiol. 2023 Aug 1;23(1):205. doi: 10.1186/s12866-023-02952-4.

Authors

Fatemeh Forouzani¹, Tahere Khasti¹, Leila Manzouri², Sara Ravangard¹, Reza Shahriarirad³, Maryam Koleini⁴, Nazanin Ayareh⁵, Gordafarin Nikbakht⁶

Affiliations

¹ School of Medicine, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
² Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran.
³ Thoracic and Vascular Surgery Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Science, Shiraz, Iran.
⁴ Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.
⁵ Students Research Committee, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
⁶ Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Yasuj University of Medical Sciences, Yasuj, Iran. Nikbakht77@gmail.com.

Abstract

Background: Infectious diseases are still one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in resource-limited settings. Serious infection caused mostly by gram-negative pathogens causes significant morbidity. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, antimicrobial resistance kills over 700,000 people worldwide. Antibiotic resistance is on the rise, and as a consequence, serious public health issues are arising. The present study investigated isolated clinical samples from Yasuj teaching hospitals to determine the antimicrobial resistance profile to various antibiotics.

Materials and methods: Microbial isolates regarding cultures from urine, blood, wound, abdominal tap, throat, stool, cerebrospinal fluid, endotracheal tube, sputum, skin lesion, nasal, and mouth secretion were collected from patients admitted to hospitals affiliated with Yasuj teaching hospitals. Antibiotic susceptibility profiles were determined by using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Data were tabulated and analyzed with SPSS version 26.0.

Results: A total of 783 samples were evaluated in our study, with an average of 30.6 years and 54.5% female patients. Most of the bacterial isolates were gram-negative (64.2%). The majority of cultures were Escherichia coli (49.9%), mainly among urine samples (64.2%). The frequency distribution of norfloxacin antibiotic resistance was more common in internal medicine (66.7%), infectious (63.6%), and emergency wards (58.8%). The frequency distribution of penicillin antibiotic resistance was statistically significant in different wards. All cases of oxacillin were resistant.

Conclusion: Our data showed a high level of antibiotic resistance among bacterial isolates in our center. Considering widespread empirical antibiotic therapy in Iran, the rate of increasing resistance to common antibiotics prescribed for ambulatory and hospitalized patients is concerning. We recommend providing more strict guidelines and policies to control the overuse and overprescription of antimicrobials by health policy-making organizations.

Keywords: AMR; Antibiotic; Antimicrobial; Antimicrobial resistance; Bacteria; Drug Resistance; Iran.

MeSH terms

Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
Anti-Bacterial Agents* / therapeutic use
Anti-Infective Agents*
Drug Resistance, Bacterial
Female
Hospitals, Teaching
Humans
Iran
Male
Microbial Sensitivity Tests

Substances

Anti-Bacterial Agents
Anti-Infective Agents