Background: The efficacy and its associated predictors of transforaminal epidural steroid injection (TFESI) in elderly patients with lumbar radiculopathy are unknown.
Objective: The purpose of this retrospective study was to identify the efficacy of TFESI in elderly patients with lumbar radiculopathy and its associated predictors of long-term outcomes.
Study design: Retrospective study.
Setting: Interventional pain clinics in West China Hospital of Sichuan University.
Methods: In total, 294 elderly patients who were diagnosed with lumbar radiculopathy and underwent transforaminal epidural steroid injections from January 2019 through January 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. Demographic, clinical, magnetic resonance imaging, and TFESI-related information was collected to assess the predictive factors of long-term outcomes of the TFESI. Pain scores were assessed using the Numeric Rating Scale. Treatment success was defined as a >= 50% reduction in pain scores at 6 months.
Results: Multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that the duration of symptoms, immediate postoperative response, and neutrophilic granulocyte percentage were independently associated with a favorable response to TFESI. In addition, the level of pain at the initial visit and the number of TFESI performed were also associated with a good response in the multivariate regression analysis, even though the association was not statistically significant.
Limitations: Approximately 6% of the patients were lost to follow-up; therefore, selection bias may have slightly influenced our findings. In addition, our patients were not compared with a control population, and consequently, a placebo effect could not be assessed.
Conclusion: This study revealed that a short duration of symptoms, good immediate postoperative response and high neutrophilic granulocyte percentage were long-term predictors of a good response to TFESI in elderly patients with lumbar radiculopathy.
Keywords: epidural injection; neutrophil; predictors; radiculopathy; Elderly.