Nifurtimox is a nitrofuran antimicrobial agent used to treat Chagas disease (American trypanosomiasis), a chronic protozoal infection due to Trypanosoma cruzi that can lead to severe disability and death from gastrointestinal and cardiac disease. Nifurtimox is rarely associated with serum aminotransferase elevations during therapy and has not been linked to cases of clinically apparent liver injury.