The current findings in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis

Takeshi Tsuda; Masanobu Suzuki; Yukinori Kato; Masanori Kidoguchi; Takumi Kumai; Shigeharu Fujieda; Masafumi Sakashita

doi:10.1016/j.anl.2023.08.002

The current findings in eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis

Auris Nasus Larynx. 2024 Feb;51(1):51-60. doi: 10.1016/j.anl.2023.08.002. Epub 2023 Aug 11.

Authors

Takeshi Tsuda¹, Masanobu Suzuki², Yukinori Kato³, Masanori Kidoguchi³, Takumi Kumai⁴, Shigeharu Fujieda³, Masafumi Sakashita⁵

Affiliations

¹ Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, 2-2 Yamada-oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
² Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Faculty of Medicine and Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 14-jo nishi 5, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan.
³ Division of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Yoshida, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan.
⁴ Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Asahikawa Medical University, Midorigaoka-Higashi 2-1-1-1, Asahikawa 078-8510, Japan.
⁵ Division of Otorhinolaryngology and Head & Neck Surgery, Department of Sensory and Locomotor Medicine Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Fukui, 23-3 Matsuokashimoaizuki, Yoshida, Eiheiji, Fukui 910-1193, Japan. Electronic address: msaka@u-fukui.ac.jp.

PMID: 37574421
DOI: 10.1016/j.anl.2023.08.002

Abstract

Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a persistent inflammatory disease of the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Traditional classification is denoted by the presence (CRSwNP) or absence of nasal polyps (CRSsNP). Particularly, CRSwNP is distinguished by the presence of infiltrating cells and inflammatory markers in the nasal mucosa. Patients with CRSwNP in Western countries predominantly display a type 2 endotype, whereas those in Asian regions display a mixed type 2 endotype. Nevertheless, recent transcriptome analyses have revealed two types of nasal polyps - type 2 and non-type 2 polyps, suggesting that geographical differences in endotypes likely resulted from the different proportions of each endotype. Moreover, various endotypes of CRSsNP have been identified, making phenotype a crucial factor for predicting treatment efficacy. Type 2 endotypes, designated as eosinophilic CRS (ECRS) in Japan, are characterized by severe eosinophilic infiltration into the paranasal sinus tissue and are particularly refractory. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in ECRS. We also provide recent findings on the involvement of nasal epithelial cells in pathogenesis.

Keywords: ECRS; Endotype; Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis; Epithelial cell; JESREC study; Type 2 inflammation.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Chronic Disease
Humans
Nasal Mucosa / pathology
Nasal Polyps* / complications
Nasal Polyps* / genetics
Nasal Polyps* / pathology
Rhinitis* / genetics
Rhinosinusitis*
Sinusitis* / genetics