Treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients attending Gurage Zone Public Hospital, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region, Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Haile Workye Agazhu; Zebene Mekonnen Assefa; Masino Tessu Beshir; Habtam Tadesse; Aregash Sitot Mengstie

doi:10.3389/fmed.2023.1105911

Treatment outcomes and associated factors among tuberculosis patients attending Gurage Zone Public Hospital, Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region, Ethiopia: an institution-based cross-sectional study

Front Med (Lausanne). 2023 Aug 2:10:1105911. doi: 10.3389/fmed.2023.1105911. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Haile Workye Agazhu¹, Zebene Mekonnen Assefa¹, Masino Tessu Beshir¹, Habtam Tadesse¹, Aregash Sitot Mengstie²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Nursing, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wolkite University, Wolkite, Ethiopia.
² School of Midwifery Department of Clinical Midwifery, College of Medicine and Health Science, University of Gondar, Gondar, Ethiopia.

Abstract

Background: Tuberculosis remains the most important global health problem. Worldwide, tuberculosis is the cause of a single infectious agent and the ninth leading cause of death, ranking above human immunodeficiency virus. In high-burden settings, one of the mechanisms to control tuberculosis is to identify patients' problems during treatment. Nevertheless, the problem is still a countrywide issue, and there is a shortage of research to show treatment outcomes and associated factors of tuberculosis in Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Regions in the Gurage Zone.

Methods: An institution-based, cross-sectional study was conducted to collect data from 347 medical records of tuberculosis patients from 20 July 2016 to 30 July 2021 at Gurage Zone Public Hospitals. The tool includes data about socio-demographic characteristics, as well as tuberculosis-related, and tuberculosis treatment outcome status. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 26, and multivariable logistic regression analyses were conducted to identify significantly associated variables with successful tuberculosis treatment outcomes. The adjusted odds ratio (AOR) with its 95% confidence interval (CI) at a p-value of < 0.05 was used to claim statistical association.

Results: In this study, the overall prevalence of successful tuberculosis treatment outcomes was 79.3%. HIV-negative tuberculosis patients (AOR = 4.33; 95% CI: 1.91, 9.79), patients aged < 20 years (AOR = 0.16; 95% CI: 0.04, 0.74), and married participants (AOR = 0.29; 95% CI: 0.10, 0.88) were significantly associated with successful tuberculosis treatment outcomes.

Conclusion and recommendations: The prevalence of successful tuberculosis treatment outcomes was low. HIV-TB co-infection, single marital status, and age >20 years negatively affected the treatment outcomes of tuberculosis, thus more effort and better attention should be given to better outcomes of tuberculosis patients, especially for HIV-TB co-infected participants.

Keywords: Ethiopia; Gurage Zone; successful treatment outcome; treatment outcome; tuberculosis.