Fusarium solani infection disrupts metabolism during the germination of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds

Aminallah Tahmasebi; Thomas Roach; Song Yub Shin; Chul Won Lee

doi:10.3389/fpls.2023.1225426

Fusarium solani infection disrupts metabolism during the germination of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seeds

Front Plant Sci. 2023 Aug 8:14:1225426. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1225426. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Aminallah Tahmasebi^{1

2}, Thomas Roach³, Song Yub Shin⁴, Chul Won Lee²

Affiliations

¹ Department of Agriculture, Minab Higher Education Center, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
² Department of Chemistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.
³ Department of Botany, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
⁴ Graduate School of Biomedical Science, Department of Cellular & Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine, Chosun University, Gwangju, Republic of Korea.

Abstract

Fungal infections adversely influence the production and quality of seeds. Previously, Fusarium solani was reported as the causal agent of roselle (Hibiscus sabdariffa L.) seed rot. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of F. solani infection on the germination, biochemical composition, energy reserves, and antioxidant activity of roselle seeds because there is currently a lack of information on the relationship between seed metabolism and infection with F. solani. The results showed that roselle seeds infected with F. solani exhibited a ca. 55% reduction in overall germination. Additionally, the fungal infection decreased antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, protein, sugar (sucrose, fructose, and glucose), and some amino acid (glutamine, serine, and arginine) contents. In contrast, some metabolites were more abundant in infected seeds, including alanine (2.1-fold) and some fatty acids (palmitic acid and heptadecanoic acid by 1.1- and 1.4-fold, respectively). The infection-associated changes in fatty acid profile resulted in the ratio of unsaturated/saturated fatty acids being 2.1-fold higher in infected seeds. Therefore, our results reveal that F. solani infection remarkably altered the biochemical composition of roselle seeds, which may have contributed to the loss of germination and quality of roselle seeds.

Keywords: Fusarium solani; Hibiscus sabdariffa; biochemical components; energy reserves; seed quality.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Korea Institute of Planning and Evaluation for Technology in Food, Agriculture, and Forestry (IPET) through the Agricultural Machinery/Equipment Localization Technology Development Program, the Ministry of Agriculture, Food, and Rural Affairs (MAFRA-321057052HD030 to CWL).