Human T-cell Lymphotropic Virus Type-1-associated Bronchioloalveolar Disorder with Non-necrotizing Granulomas: A Case Report and Literature Review

Intern Med. 2024 Apr 15;63(8):1149-1155. doi: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2201-23. Epub 2023 Sep 1.

Abstract

Human T-cell lymphotropic virus type-1 (HTLV-1)-associated bronchioloalveolar disorder (HABA) is a pulmonary disorder characterized by lymphocytic infiltration of the peribronchiolar space and interstitium in HTLV-1 carriers and in adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATLL). We herein report an 85-year-old woman carrying HTLV-1 with HABA who presented with a miliary pattern of micronodules in both lungs on high-resolution computed tomography and a lymphocytic infiltrate with non-necrotizing granulomas on pathology. This rare case of HABA should be differentiated from sarcoidosis, hypersensitivity pneumonitis, or miliary tuberculosis.

Keywords: HTLV-1-associated bronchioloalveolar disorder (HABA); non-necrotizing granuloma; transbronchial lung cryobiopsy.

Publication types

  • Review
  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Azo Compounds*
  • Female
  • Granuloma / diagnostic imaging
  • HTLV-I Infections* / complications
  • HTLV-I Infections* / diagnosis
  • Human T-lymphotropic virus 1*
  • Humans
  • Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell*
  • T-Lymphocytes / pathology

Substances

  • HABA
  • Azo Compounds