Periapical abscesses of canine teeth in a group of 47 male cynomolgus macaques are found to be associated with a procedure, involving cutting the canine teeth, used to make non-human primates less hazardous. Examination of 150 canine teeth in dry specimens revealed 30 cut teeth with no exposure of the pulpal chamber and 107 cut teeth where the dental pulp had been exposed. Of those teeth which had the pulpal chamber exposed by the cutting procedure, 85 (79.4%) showed clear evidence of osseous changes consistent with abscess formation in the apical regions.