When treating patients with EBV encephalitis, the possibility of XLP should be considered. Once the diagnosis of XLP is made, aggressive treatment such as rituximab, and other immunosuppressive agents are desired for rapid transition to HSCT.
Keywords: Epstein–Barr virus; X‐linked lymphoproliferative syndrome; hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis; lymphoproliferative disorders; rituximab.
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