Authentication of aged beef in terms of aging time and aging type by 1H NMR spectroscopy

Greta Bischof; Franziska Witte; Edwin Januschewski; Frank Schilling; Nino Terjung; Volker Heinz; Andreas Juadjur; Monika Gibis

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137531

Authentication of aged beef in terms of aging time and aging type by ¹H NMR spectroscopy

Food Chem. 2024 Mar 1:435:137531. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137531. Epub 2023 Sep 21.

Authors

Greta Bischof¹, Franziska Witte², Edwin Januschewski², Frank Schilling², Nino Terjung², Volker Heinz², Andreas Juadjur², Monika Gibis³

Affiliations

¹ German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany; Department of Food Material Science, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany.
² German Institute of Food Technologies (DIL e.V.), Prof.-v.-Klitzing-Str. 7, 49610 Quakenbrück, Germany.
³ Department of Food Material Science, Institute of Food Science and Biotechnology, University of Hohenheim, Garbenstr. 25, 70599 Stuttgart, Germany. Electronic address: gibis@uni-hohenheim.de.

PMID: 37774627
DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.137531

Abstract

Meat authenticity addresses parameters such as species, breed, sex, housing system and postmortem treatment. Seventy-four beef backs from two breeds ('Fleckvieh' and 'Schwarzbunt') and three cattle types (heifer, cow, young bull) were dry-aged and wet-aged up to 28 days and analyzed by ¹H NMR spectroscopy. Statistical models based on partial least squares regression and discriminant analysis were performed to classify the beef samples by breed, cattle type, aging time, and aging type based on their ¹H NMR spectra. The aging time of beef samples can be predicted with an error ± 2.28 days. The cattle type model has an accuracy of cross-validation of 99.2 %, the breed models of 100 % and the aging type model for 28-days aged samples of 99.6 %. These models allow the authentication of beef samples in terms of breed, cattle type, aging time, and aging type with a single ¹H NMR measurement.

Keywords: Authenticity; Dry-aging; Metabolome; Partial least squares; Sensory analysis; Wet-aging.

MeSH terms

Aging*
Animals
Cattle
Female
Least-Squares Analysis
Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy
Male
Meat* / analysis