Exogenous lipoid pneumonia is an inflammatory response to the lungs caused by inhaled lipid substances, which is prone to secondary bacterial infection, resulting in the formation of local abscesses, which can be life-threatening in severe cases. This paper reports a case of a 55-year-old patient with diesel aspiration, secondary to Klebsiella pneumoniae (ESBL positive) and Candida glabrata infection resulting in lung abscess formation. He was treated with a variety of antibacterial drugs for anti-infection, non-invasive ventilator ventilation, bronchoalveolar lavage, glucocorticoids, phlegm and other medical treatments. Finally, he underwent middle lobectomy for improvement and was discharged from the hospital, and he recovered well with regular follow-up.
外源性类脂性肺炎是一种吸入类脂性物质引起肺部炎性反应，易继发细菌感染，引起局部脓肿形成，严重时可危及生命。本文报道1例55男性患者误吸柴油，继发肺炎克雷伯杆菌（ESBL阳性）及光滑假丝酵母菌感染导致肺脓肿形成，先后进行多种抗菌药物抗感染、无创呼吸机通气、支气管肺泡灌洗、糖皮质激素、化痰等内科治疗效果不佳，最终行肺中叶段切除术好转出院，定期随访恢复良好。.
Keywords: Bronchoalveolar lavage; Diesel oil; Exogenous lipoid pneumonia; Klebsiella pneumonia; Lung abscess; Pneumonia.