Limonin ameliorates cisplatin-induced acute liver injury by inhibiting 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1

Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Dec:168:115680. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115680. Epub 2023 Oct 11.

Abstract

Background: Acute liver injury (ALI) is a common side effect of cisplatin treatment in the clinic and can lead to liver failure if not treated promptly. Previous studies have revealed that Limonin, a critical bioactive substance in citrus fruits, can protect multiple organs from various medical conditions. However, whether Limonin could ameliorate cisplatin-induced ALI remains unclear.

Methods: In vivo and in vitro models were induced by cisplatin in the present study. Non-targeted metabolomics was employed to analyze the metabolic changes in the liver after ALI. In addition, molecular docking was utilized to predict the potential targets of Limonin.

Results: Limonin attenuated hepatic histopathological injury by reducing hepatocyte apoptosis, lipid peroxidation, and inflammation in cisplatin-challenged mice. Employing metabolomics, we revealed that Limonin mediated the balance of various disturbed metabolic pathways in the liver after cisplatin-induced ALI. Integrating public data mining, molecular docking studies, and in vitro experiments demonstrated that Limonin suppressed the expression and activity of its direct target, 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 (11β-HSD1), in the liver, thus reducing the production of corticosterone (CORT), a key metabolite promoted hepatocyte apoptosis.

Conclusions: Limonin improves the liver metabolic microenvironment by inhibiting 11β-HSD1 to protect against cisplatin-induced ALI.

Keywords: 11β-HSD1; Acute liver injury; Cisplatin; Corticosterone; Limonin; Metabolomics.

MeSH terms

  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1* / metabolism
  • Animals
  • Cisplatin / metabolism
  • Cisplatin / toxicity
  • Limonins* / pharmacology
  • Liver
  • Mice
  • Molecular Docking Simulation

Substances

  • 11-beta-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenase Type 1
  • Cisplatin
  • limonin
  • Limonins