Early Achromobacter xylosoxidans Endocarditis After the Valvular Mitral Replacement Complicated by an Agranulocytosis on B-lactams: A Case Report

Cureus. 2023 Sep 27;15(9):e46045. doi: 10.7759/cureus.46045. eCollection 2023 Sep.

Abstract

An immunocompetent 82-year-old woman developed endocarditis caused by an atypical organism called Achromobacter xylosoxidans, after a first valvular surgery. The intravenous antibiotic therapy with ceftazidime - 2 g every 8 hours during five weeks - a key part of the treatment, induced agranulocytosis as an adverse event. Cross-reactivity between antibiotics was suspected. Finally, the patient's cure was the result of a coordinated effort between medical and surgical professionals. Postoperative follow-up is six years.

Keywords: achromobacter xylosoxidans; adverse drug event; agranulocytosis; mitral endocarditis; mitral valve surgery.

Publication types

  • Case Reports