Patient experiences of the Long COVID-Optimal Health Programme: a qualitative interview study in community settings

Hiyam Al-Jabr; Karen Windle; Andrew Clifton; David R Thompson; David J Castle; Chantal F Ski

doi:10.3399/BJGPO.2023.0137

Patient experiences of the Long COVID-Optimal Health Programme: a qualitative interview study in community settings

BJGP Open. 2024 Apr 25;8(1):BJGPO.2023.0137. doi: 10.3399/BJGPO.2023.0137. Print 2024 Apr.

Authors

Hiyam Al-Jabr^{1

2}, Karen Windle³, Andrew Clifton⁴, David R Thompson⁵, David J Castle^{6

7}, Chantal F Ski⁵

Affiliations

¹ Primary Community and Social Care, University of Keele, Keele, UK h.al-jabr@keele.ac.uk.
² Midlands Partnership University NHS Foundation Trust, St Georges Hospital, Stafford, UK.
³ Centre for Applied Dementia Studies, University of Bradford, Bradford, UK.
⁴ School of Health and Sports Sciences, University of Suffolk, Ipswich, UK.
⁵ School of Nursing and Midwifery, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
⁶ Department of Psychiatry, University of Tasmania, Tasmania, Australia.
⁷ Centre for Mental Health Service Innovation, Tasmania, Australia.

PMID: 37907337
DOI: 10.3399/BJGPO.2023.0137

Abstract

Background: Long COVID (LC) symptoms persist 12 weeks or more beyond the acute infection. To date, no standardised diagnostic or treatment pathways exist. However, a holistic approach has been recommended. This study explored participants' experiences of a Long COVID-Optimal Health Programme (LC-OHP); a psychoeducational self-efficacy programme.

Aim: To explore perceptions and experiences of people with LC regarding the LC-OHP and identify suggestions to further improve the programme.

Design & setting: Qualitative study with patients with LC recruited through community settings.

Method: This study is part of a wider randomised controlled trial. Eligible participants were aged ≥18 years, have LC, and attended a minimum of five LC-OHP sessions plus a booster session. We interviewed those randomised to the intervention group. Interviews were conducted by an independent researcher and thematically analysed to identify common, emerging themes.

Results: Eleven participants were interviewed, mostly women from a White British ethnic group (n = 10). Four main themes were identified, reflecting programme benefits and suggestions for improvement. The programme demonstrated potential for assisting patients in managing their LC, including physical health and mental wellbeing. Participants found the programme to be flexible and provided suggestions to adapting it for future users.

Conclusion: Findings support the acceptability of the LC-OHP to people living with LC. The programme has shown several benefits in supporting physical health and mental wellbeing. Suggestions made to further adapt the programme and improve its delivery will be considered for future trials.

Keywords: Long COVID; Optimal Health Programme; feasibility studies; mental health; post-acute COVID-19 syndrome; primary health care; qualitative research.