Toward Precision Medicine in Atopic Dermatitis Using Molecular-Based Approaches

Abstract

Atopic dermatitis is the most common chronic inflammatory skin disorder, affecting up to 20% of children and 10% of adults in developed countries. The pathophysiology of atopic dermatitis is complex and involves a strong genetic predisposition and T-cell driven inflammation. Although our understanding of the pathology and drivers of this disease has improved in recent years, there are still knowledge gaps in the immune pathways involved. Therefore, advances in new omics technologies in atopic dermatitis will play a key role in understanding the pathogenesis of this burden disease and could develop preventive strategies and personalized treatment strategies. In this review, we discuss the latest developments in genetics, transcriptomics, epigenomics, proteomics, and metagenomics and understand how integrating multiple omics datasets will identify potential biomarkers and uncover nets of associations between several molecular levels.

Keywords: Atopic dermatitis; Dermatitis atópica; GWAS; Next generation sequencing; Omics; Proteomics; Proteómica; Secuenciación de nueva generación; Transcriptomics; Transcriptómica.