Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of radial extracorporeal shock wave therapy (r ESWT) as an additional treatment modality for spastic equinus deformity in chronic hemiplegic patients.
Methods: 100 eligible stroke patients with calf muscles spasticity were randomized into 2 groups. Group I: 50 patients exposed to rESWT 1.500 pulses, 0.10 mJ to 0.3mJ/mm2, with a frequency 4 Hz once weekly for one month. Group II: 50 patients exposed to Sham rESWT once weekly for one month. Clinical, electrophysiological & musculoskeletal ultrasound assessments were done for all patients.
Results: After controlling baseline as covariate, the trend for modified Ashworth scale (MAS), Passive ankle dorsiflexion motion (PADFM), 10 meters walk test (10-MWT), and Ratio of maximum H reflex to maximum M response (H/M ratio) after one & two months was significantly different between the two groups, with improvement of all clinical and electrophysiological parameters in group I.
Conclusion: ESWT represents a useful non-invasive, additional modality for the reduction of foot spasticity and equinus deformity in stroke patients.
Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov NCT05615493.
Keywords: Spasticity; equinus deformity; extracorporeal shock wave; hemiplegia; stroke.
Extracorporeal shock wave therapy represents a useful non-invasive, additional modality for reduction of foot spasticity and equinus deformity in chronic stroke patients.The application of such a modality improves limb posture, range of motion, and muscle extensibility.Early extracorporeal shock wave rehabilitative intervention in stroke patients reduces fat infiltration and fibrosis replacement of spastic muscle.