Modulatory Properties of Vitamin D in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Focus on Inflammation and Dyslipidemia

Nutrients. 2023 Oct 27;15(21):4575. doi: 10.3390/nu15214575.

Abstract

Background: Evidence from preclinical studies has found a correlation between the development of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and vitamin D deficiency. However, evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) revealed inconclusive results on vitamin D supplementation. We explored the effect of vitamin D on inflammation and dyslipidemia in T2D.

Methods: We comprehensively searched for RCTs evaluating the effect of vitamin D in T2D on PubMed. Data were analyzed using Review Manager 5.3 and reports, such as standardized mean difference (SMD) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) at a 5% significant level using a random effect model.

Results: This study revealed a significant reduction in tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) SMD = (-0.51, 95%CI (-0.93, -0.09); p = 0.02), high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) SMD = (-1.06, 95%CI (-1.67, -0.45); p < 0.05) in vitamin D compared to placebo. Additionally, interleukin-6 (IL-6) exhibited a marginal effect SMD = (-0.52, 95%CI (-1.05, 0.01), p = 0.05). Furthermore, a significant reduction in the level of triglycerides SMD = (-0.65, 95%CI (-1.11, -0.18), p < 0.05) was observed, concomitant to a significantly increased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) level SMD = (0.53, 95%CI (0.08, 0.98), p = 0.02). However, no statistically significant changes were observed in total cholesterols SMD = (-0.16, 95%CI (-0.57, 0.24), p = 0.43) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) SMD = (-0.06, 95%CI (-0.37, 0.24), p = 0.67).

Conclusions: These findings suggest that vitamin D supplementation may be beneficial in ameliorating inflammation and dyslipidemia in T2D patients.

Keywords: dyslipidemia; inflammation; type 2 diabetes; vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2* / drug therapy
  • Dietary Supplements
  • Dyslipidemias* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Inflammation / drug therapy
  • Vitamin D / therapeutic use
  • Vitamins

Substances

  • Vitamin D
  • Vitamins

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.