Beneficial and biocontrol effects of Trichoderma atroviride, a dominant species in white birch rhizosphere soil

Kuo Liu; Yu-Zhou Zhang; Hua-Ying Du; Zhi-Ying Wang; Pei-Wen Gu; Zhi-Hua Liu; Ze-Yang Yu

doi:10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265435

Beneficial and biocontrol effects of Trichoderma atroviride, a dominant species in white birch rhizosphere soil

Front Microbiol. 2023 Oct 30:14:1265435. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1265435. eCollection 2023.

Authors

Kuo Liu^#¹, Yu-Zhou Zhang^#², Hua-Ying Du^#¹, Zhi-Ying Wang³, Pei-Wen Gu¹, Zhi-Hua Liu^{3

4}, Ze-Yang Yu^{1

3}

Affiliations

¹ School of Agriculture, Ningxia University, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
² Ningxia Forest Disease and Pest Control and Quarantine Station, Yinchuan, Ningxia, China.
³ School of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China.
⁴ College of Forestry, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

^# Contributed equally.

Abstract

White birch (Betula platyphylla Suk.) is a typical pioneer tree species that is important in forest restoration in northern China, Japan, and Korea. In the present study, 37 isolates were obtained from B. platyphylla rhizosphere soils in Heilongjiang Province; they were identified as T. pleuroticola (3 isolates), T. virens (2 isolates), T. hamatum (8 isolates), T. atroviride (21 isolates, dominant species) and T. asperelloides (3 isolates). Stress tolerance tests (salt, alkali, and nutritional stress that simulated saline alkali or barren soil) and confrontation assays (with four pathogens) were performed to determine which isolates had good biocontrol ability in barren soil; the results show that T. atroviride was outstanding. Then, in order to determine the effect of T. atroviride on plants and soil, Gynura cusimbua seeds were sown and treated with a T. atroviride spore suspension, as was unsown soil. The seedlings treated using T. atroviride had significantly greater height, stem diameter, soluble protein content, soluble sugar content, and malonaldehyde (MDA) content and their catalase (CAT) activity was also significantly increased. In addition, when the plants were inoculated with Alternaria alternata, the plants treated using T. atroviride had stronger CAT activity, significantly higher soluble protein content and soluble sugar content, and significantly lower MDA content, which indicates stronger resistance and less injury caused by the pathogen. In addition, T. atroviride not only increased the content of available nitrogen and available phosphorus in the soil, but also promoted G. cusimbua seedlings' absorption of available nitrogen and available phosphorus. Thus, the characteristics of T. atroviride may make it the main factor that helps B. platyphylla colonise cut-over lands. T. atroviride, a promising biocontrol candidate, can be used in agriculture and forestry.

Keywords: Trichoderma identification; growth promotion; pioneer tree species; resistance induction; soil improvement.

Grants and funding

The author(s) declare financial support was received for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. This work is supported by grants from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC: 31870627), the Key Research and Development Project of Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region (grant number: 2023BCF01026-04), and the High Level Teachers Troop Construction of Ningxia University.