A stress-is-enhancing mindset is associated with lower traumatic stress symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic

Anxiety Stress Coping. 2024 May;37(3):293-304. doi: 10.1080/10615806.2023.2282092. Epub 2023 Nov 15.

Abstract

Background: A stress-is-enhancing mindset is associated with lower perceived stress and better coping. However, work examining the prospective associations of stress mindset on perceived traumatic stress symptoms during a stressful real-world life event is limited. The present prospective study explored whether stress-is-enhancing mindset measured before the onset of the COVID-19 global pandemic was associated with later traumatic stress symptoms in response to the COVID-19 global pandemic.

Methods: University students (N = 179; 68% female; Mage = 19.31, SD = 0.79 years) completed the Stress Mindset Measure (SMM) prior to COVID-19 pandemic onset as part of a larger study. The Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) with respect to the COVID-19 pandemic was completed 1 year into the pandemic.

Results: SMM negatively predicted the IES-R subscales intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal such that a more stress-is-enhancing mindset was associated with lower intrusion, avoidance, and hyperarousal following the onset of COVID-19.

Conclusions: Results suggest a more positive stress mindset is associated with fewer traumatic stress symptoms following a traumatic life event. Altering stress mindset may be an avenue for future interventions to cope with stress.

Keywords: coping; coronavirus; posttraumatic stress; prospective studies; resilience; well-being.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • COVID-19* / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pandemics
  • Prospective Studies
  • Psychological Tests*
  • Self Report*
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / diagnosis
  • Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic* / epidemiology
  • Young Adult

Supplementary concepts

  • Stress Mindset Measure