Assessment of potential predictive factors of dupilumab response in patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis

Australas J Dermatol. 2024 Mar;65(2):153-162. doi: 10.1111/ajd.14196. Epub 2023 Dec 6.

Abstract

Background: Dupilumab has shown to be an effective and safe treatment for patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD).

Objective: To evaluate the predictive factors of response (PRF) in patients with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab.

Methods: Observational, retrospective and multicentre study conducted on adult patients diagnosed with moderate-to-severe AD treated with dupilumab, with a post-treatment follow-up of at least 16 weeks. The primary endpoints were EASI-75 and the IGA scale at week 52.

Results: A total of 198 patients were included in the analysis. Mean age was 38 ± 15.1 years and 116 (58.6%) were men. The most prevalent AD-predominant phenotypes were flexural eczema (45.3%), head-and-neck eczema (18.2%) and erythroderma (17.7%). At week 52, 140 (86.4%) patients achieved EASI-75 and 119 (93.0%) achieved an improvement in ≥2 points from baseline in IGA score. Women were 3.6 times more likely to achieve EASI-75 response than men (Odds ratio: 3.58; p = 0.020). While increased body mass index significantly reduced the probability of obtaining an improvement of ≥2 points in the IGA scale at week 52 (odds ratio: 0.88; p = 0.049).

Conclusions: Dupilumab was an effective treatment in patients with moderate-to-severe AD. Additionally, sex and body mass index were significantly associated with achieving EASI-75 and an improvement of ≥2 points in the IGA scale, respectively, at week 52.

Keywords: atopic dermatitis; dupilumab; predictive factors; treatment.

Publication types

  • Observational Study
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized*
  • Dermatitis, Atopic* / diagnosis
  • Dermatitis, Atopic* / drug therapy
  • Double-Blind Method
  • Eczema*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • dupilumab
  • Immunoglobulin A
  • Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized