The potential value of 5-androstenediol in countering acute radiation syndrome

Drug Discov Today. 2024 Feb;29(2):103856. doi: 10.1016/j.drudis.2023.103856. Epub 2023 Dec 13.

Abstract

Moderate-to-high doses of ionizing irradiation can lead to potentially life-threatening morbidities and increase mortality risk. In preclinical testing, 5-androstenediol has been shown to be effective in protecting against hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome. This agent is important for innate immunity, serves to modulate cell cycle progression, reduces radiation-induced apoptosis, and regulates DNA repair. The drug has been evaluated clinically for its pharmacokinetics and safety. The United States Food and Drug Administration granted investigational new drug status to its injectable depot formulation (NEUMUNE). Its safety and efficacy profiles make it an attractive candidate for further development as a radiation countermeasure.

Keywords: 5-androstenediol; acute radiation syndrome; ionizing radiation; radiation medical countermeasure; total-body irradiation.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Acute Radiation Syndrome* / drug therapy
  • Acute Radiation Syndrome* / prevention & control
  • Androstenediol / pharmacokinetics
  • Humans
  • Immunity, Innate
  • Radiation-Protective Agents* / pharmacology
  • Radiation-Protective Agents* / therapeutic use
  • United States

Substances

  • Radiation-Protective Agents
  • Androstenediol