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Observational Study
. 2024 Apr;25(4):722-728.
doi: 10.1016/j.jamda.2023.11.004. Epub 2023 Dec 13.

Profile of Older Dual-Enrollees Living in Areas with Managed Long-Term Services and Supports

Andrew D Jopson  1 , Chanee D Fabius  2 , Karen Shen  2 , Katherine A Ornstein  3 , Jennifer L Wolff  2
Affiliations
Observational Study

Profile of Older Dual-Enrollees Living in Areas with Managed Long-Term Services and Supports

Andrew D Jopson et al. J Am Med Dir Assoc. 2024 Apr.

Abstract

Objectives: Nearly half of all state Medicaid agencies in the United States have implemented managed long-term services and supports (MLTSS). Data gaps have inhibited our understanding of MLTSS experiences to date. We draw on a national survey with novel data linkages to develop a profile of older dual-enrollees with significant LTSS needs by MLTSS program presence.

Design: Cross-sectional observational study using the 2015 round of the National Health and Aging Trends Study (NHATS), a longitudinal study of a nationally representative sample of Medicare beneficiaries aged 65 years and older.

Setting and participants: The sample comprised 275 participants who self-reported Medicaid enrollment and met our definition of significant LTSS need as defined by receiving help with 2 or more self-care or mobility activities (eating, bathing, toileting, dressing, bed transfer, indoor mobility).

Methods: Bivariate analyses were used to comparatively examine differences in demographic, health, and care circumstances by MLTSS, as defined by living in a county with MLTSS program presence.

Results: Among approximately 1 million (weighted sample) older dual-enrollees with significant LTSS needs, 56.2% (weighted percentage) lived in counties with MLTSS and 43.7% lived in counties with mandatory MLTSS enrollment in 2015. Those living in areas with MLTSS were much more likely to be of Hispanic or other race and ethnicity (50.5% vs 15.1%, P < .001) yet less likely to live in a rural location (8.7% vs 31.4%, P < .05) or in a residential care facility or nursing home (18.4% vs 34.7%, P < .05). The majority (78.5%) received assistance from 2 or more helpers and received more than 70 hours of care per week.

Conclusions and implications: Our findings reinforce the growing reach of MLTSS programs and importance of filling evidence gaps about who these programs are serving.

Keywords: Aging policy; caregiving; dual eligible; long-term services and supports.

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Conflict of interest statement

Disclosure The authors declare no conflicts of interest.

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