Background: Gastric cancer is increasing worldwide and one million new cases were estimated globally in 2020. Use of the laparoscopic approach is increasing especially for subtotal gastrectomy. However, to date, solid data on locally advanced bulky tumors are lacking. The aim of this study is to assess the role of laparoscopic surgery in bulky gastric tumors.
Methods: We performed an observational retrospective single-center analysis. The following data were collected and analyzed for each patient: demographics, tumor-related data, intra-operative data, peri-operative data, and pathological data. Statistical analysis was conducted, including descriptive statistics and chi-squared test, to analyze the differences between categorical variables.
Results: O the 116 patients who underwent gastric surgery, 49 patients were included in the study protocol. All patients had bulky gastric tumors. Eighteen patients underwent laparoscopic gastrectomy and 31 open gastrectomy. The median number of lymph nodes removed was 28.5 (15-46) in the laparoscopic group and 23.05 (6-62) in the open group (p = 0.04). In total, 5.6% of patients of the laparoscopic group had <16 lymph nodes harvested and 35.5% in the open group (p = 0.035). No statistical differences were found between the open and laparoscopic groups in terms of surgical margins (p = 0.69).
Conclusions: Laparoscopic surgery is still a subject of debate in locally advanced bulky gastric cancer. Limited data are available concerning Western patients. This study showed superiority in terms of the quality of lymphadenectomy and non-inferiority in terms of radical resection margins.
Keywords: D2 lymphadenectomy; bulky gastric cancer; bulky tumor; gastrectomy; gastric tumor; laparoscopic; lymphadenectomy.