Managing dyslipidemia in solid organ transplant patients

Indian Heart J. 2024 Mar;76 Suppl 1(Suppl 1):S93-S95. doi: 10.1016/j.ihj.2024.01.004. Epub 2024 Jan 8.

Abstract

Solid organ transplant recipients face an increased risk of dyslipidemia, which contributes to cardiovascular complications. Commonly used drugs such as ciclosporin and tacrolimus can aggravate and cause dyslipidemia. Immunosuppressive drugs particularly ciclosporin and tacrolimus are also known to worsen dyslipidemia in transplant recipients. Mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitors like sirolimus and everolimus also alter lipid metabolism. Lifestyle and dietary modifications should be encouraged. Careful consideration of immunosuppressant choices is also vital to control dyslipidemia. Statins are recommended as first-line agents for lipid-lowering therapy, with consideration for potential drug interactions. Other options, such as ezetimibe and nicotinic acid, may be considered as alternatives. The management of dyslipidemia in renal transplant patients mainly involves statin therapy, although the clinical effectiveness in this population is not well-documented. Lifestyle modifications, careful drug selection, and statin therapy are key components in managing dyslipidemia in solid organ transplant patients.

Keywords: And transplant vasculopathy; Ascvd; Dyslipidemia; Immunosuppresive drugs; Statins; Transplant recipients.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cyclosporine / therapeutic use
  • Dyslipidemias* / drug therapy
  • Humans
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors* / therapeutic use
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Organ Transplantation* / adverse effects
  • Tacrolimus / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Tacrolimus
  • Cyclosporine
  • Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors
  • Immunosuppressive Agents