Objective: To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and clinical features of pertussis cases reported in Shandong Province of China. Methods: Data on pertussis cases in Shandong Province from 2007 to 2022 were collected from China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. At the same time, some case information was collected from the database of notifiable pertussis in Shandong Province from 2007 to 2022. The distribution characteristics and clinical features of pertussis were analyzed. A spatial distribution map of pertussis cases in Shandong Province was drawn. Results: A total of 26 122 pertussis cases were reported in Shandong Province during 2007-2022, with an annual incidence rate ranging from 0.11 to 5.77 cases per 100 000 people. Cases occurred throughout the whole year, with a seasonal peak occurring in spring and summer, especially in July and August. In recent years, reported cases were mainly distributed in the central and western regions of Shandong Province, with fewer cases in the eastern region. The hot spots of the disease shifted from Heze and Dezhou City in 2007-2013 to Jinan and Tai'an city in 2014-2022. The age range of onset was from 1 day to 93 years old. The proportion of cases with age≤1 year was the largest (41.81%, 10 922/26 122), and the proportion of cases aged 0-6 months decreased from 32.21% (67/208)-55.67% (157/282) within the period of 2007 to 2013 to 16.78% (883/5 263)-41.97% (444/1 058) within the period of 2014 to 2022, with a statistically significant trend (χ² trend=670.01, P<0.001). There were 13 682 male cases and 12 440 female cases, with a male-female ratio of 1.10∶1. The male-female ratio was 1.45∶1 (806∶556) from 2007 to 2013 and 1.08∶1 (12 876∶11 884) from 2014 to 2022. The proportion of women increased from 42.31% (88/208) in 2007 to 47.84% (2 518/5 263) in 2022, and with a significant trend (χ² trend=22.25, P<0.001). In pertussis cases, the proportions of scattered children, kindergarten children and students were 71.38% (18 645/26 122), 15.13% (3 951/26 122), and 11.60% (3 031/26 122), respectively. The top five clinical symptoms of pertussis cases were paroxysmal spasmodic cough (86.33%, 21 411 cases), flushing (39.61%, 9 824 cases), restless sleep (34.51%, 8 558 cases), fever (30.80%, 7 638 cases), and crowing (27.53%, 6 829 cases). Among 24 802 cases, there were 15 542 cases (62.66%) with a history of immunization against pertussis vaccine. Conclusion: From 2007 to 2022, the incidence rate of pertussis cases in Shandong Province shows an upward trend, with the majority being young children, and the clinical symptoms are relatively typical.
目的： 分析2007—2022年山东省百日咳流行特征及临床特点。 方法： 收集中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2007—2022年山东省的百日咳病例资料，同时收集2007—2022年山东省百日咳疑似病例个案调查表数据库的部分个案信息，并分析百日咳的三间分布特征和临床特点，绘制山东省百日咳病例空间分布地图。 结果： 2007—2022年山东全省共报告百日咳病例26 122例，年报告发病率为0.11/10万~5.77/10万。每月均有百日咳病例报告，以春夏季居多，7、8月达到发病高峰。百日咳病例主要分布在中、西部地区，东部地区较少，热点地区由2007—2013年的菏泽、德州转移为2014—2022年的济南、泰安。发病年龄范围为1 d~93岁；≤1岁病例数最多（41.81%，10 922/26 122），0~6月龄病例占比由2007—2013年的32.21%（67/208）~55.67%（157/282）降低至2014—2022年的16.78%（883/5 263）~41.97%（444/1 058），趋势检验具有统计学意义（χ²趋势=670.01，P<0.001）；百日咳男性病例13 682例，女性12 440例，男女性别比为1.10∶1.00；2007—2013年男女性别比为1.45∶1.00（806∶556），2014—2022年男女性别比为1.08∶1.00（12 876∶11 884），女性占比由2007年的42.31%（88/208）升高至2022年的47.84%（2 518/5 263），趋势检验具有统计学意义（χ²趋势=22.25，P<0.001）。百日咳病例中散居儿童、幼托儿童和学生占比分别为71.38%（18 645/26 122））、15.13%（3 951例）、11.60%（3 031例）。百日咳临床症状居前五位的分别为阵发性痉挛性咳嗽［86.33%（21 411例）］、面红［39.61%（9 824例）］、睡眠不安［34.51%（8 558例）］、发热［30.80%（7 638例）］和鸡鸣声［27.53%（6 829例）］。24 802例个案调查病例中，有百白破疫苗免疫史者占62.66%（15 542例）。 结论： 2007—2022年山东省百日咳病例发病率呈上升趋势，以低龄幼儿居多；临床症状较为典型。.