The present labour motor activity is characterized by local loading with constant increase of the static muscular tension. The static work is the cause of reduction of capacity for work, of early advancing fatigue and various occupational diseases of the locomotory system in case of long-lasting activity. With the purpose if studying the connection between the occupational diseases of the locomotory apparatus (LMA) and the characteristics of the labour motor activity--a study on the diseases of the LMA was carried out at the Neurological Department of the Clinic of Occupational Diseases, looking for the correlation between them and the labour physiological data about the severity and tension of the motor activity and some parameters of working movements. The following main characteristics of the motor activity are indicated as risk factors of the occupational diseases--number of movements per a working shift, their velocity and duration, movements needing strength and movements with a big volume, pronounced motor monotony. The correlation between the occupational diseases of LMA, age, sex, length of service, etc. are stressed on. The problem of the optimization pf motor labour activity is discussed as a basic element of prophylaxis of overstrain and occupational diseases of the locomotory system.