Plasma Oxidative State Induced by Exercise in Young Heat-Not-Burn Cigarette Users

Abstract

Introduction: Oxidative state, a risk factor for several diseases, is increased by habitual conventional cigarette (CC) smoking. Reports have demonstrated that heat-not-burn cigarettes (HNBCs), which have recently become popular among smokers, generate less oxidative state than CC in smokers with a long smoking history. However, no previous study has examined oxidative state in young HNBC users. Previously, we reported that exercise induces a greater oxidative state in young CC smokers than in never-smokers of similar age, but there was no difference in resting oxidative state. This study aimed to clarify the resting and exercise-induced oxidative states in young HNBC users, compared with those in never-smokers and CC users of similar age.

Methods: Healthy young never-smokers, HNBC users, and CC users were recruited, and they underwent the Wingate anaerobic test. Blood samples were collected before and after exercise, and the plasma hydroperoxide concentration, a marker of oxidative state, was measured.

Results: No significant differences in pre-exercise plasma hydroperoxide concentrations were detected among never-smokers, HNBC users, and CC users (n = 10 each). Plasma hydroperoxide concentration was significantly increased after exercise in all participants. The exercise induced a significant increase in plasma hydroperoxide concentration in HNBC users compared with that in never-smokers (p < .005), but it was significantly decreased compared with that in CC users (p < .01).

Conclusions: The use of HNBC increased exercise-induced plasma oxidative state compared with that in never-smokers, indicating that HNBC may lead to the risk of oxidative damage.

Implications: This study, for the first time, reports exercise-induced oxidative state in young HNBC users compared with never-smokers and CC users. The exercise-induced oxidative state in HNBC users was higher than that in never-smokers and lower than that in CC users. Our study suggests that the use of HNBCs increases the risk of acute oxidative damage.