Impact of Vitamin D on Osseointegration in Dental Implants: A Systematic Review of Human Studies

Nutrients. 2024 Jan 9;16(2):209. doi: 10.3390/nu16020209.

Abstract

This systematic review evaluates the impact of Vitamin D levels on dental implant osseointegration, hypothesizing that optimal Vitamin D enhances success rates, and aims to synthesize data on its relationship with clinical outcomes in implantology. A comprehensive search across PubMed, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science databases included seven peer-reviewed articles meeting the criteria for the review. These studies, conducted between 2008 and 2021, included human subjects and explicitly correlated serum Vitamin D levels with dental implant outcomes, following PRISMA guidelines. The selected studies involved 1462 participants and examined 4450 dental implants. Key findings included a varied implant loss rate ranging from 3.9% to 11.4% across the studies. One study reported a 9.8% implant loss rate, yet found no significant association between Vitamin D receptor polymorphism and implant success. Another study indicated successful implantation following Vitamin D3 supplementation, even in severe deficiency cases. The highest implant loss rate (11.1%) was observed in severely Vitamin D-deficient patients, particularly when compounded by risk factors such as smoking and periodontal disease. Additionally, one study noted significantly improved bone density following post-surgical Vitamin D supplementation for up to 12 weeks. The review supports a link between sufficient Vitamin D levels and successful dental implant osseointegration, suggesting Vitamin D deficiency as a potential risk factor for increased failure and advocating for Vitamin D evaluations in pre-surgical planning to potentially enhance implantology outcomes.

Keywords: dental implants; dentistry; vitamin D.

Publication types

  • Systematic Review
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Cholecalciferol
  • Dental Implants*
  • Humans
  • Osseointegration
  • Vitamin D*
  • Vitamins

Substances

  • Vitamin D
  • Dental Implants
  • Vitamins
  • Cholecalciferol

Grants and funding

This research received no external funding.