Enhancing antimicrobial activity and reducing cytotoxicity of silver nanoparticles through gelatin nanoparticles

Nanomedicine (Lond). 2024 Feb;19(3):199-211. doi: 10.2217/nnm-2023-0246. Epub 2024 Jan 25.

Abstract

Aim: To develop a novel stabilizing agent for silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) with the aim of enhancing its antibacterial efficacy against wound associated pathogens while mitigating their cytotoxic effect on human cells. Materials & methods: In this study, monodispersed gelatin nanoparticles were synthesized to stabilize AgNPs. The stability, antibacterial activity and biocompatibility of the gelatin-stabilized AgNPs (Gel-AgNPs) were compared with citrate-stabilized AgNPs (citrate-AgNPs) or silver ions. Results & conclusion: Gelatin-stabilized AgNPs showed significantly better antibacterial activities compared with citrate-stabilized AgNPs against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. These Gel-AgNPs showed significantly lower cytotoxicity to human dermal fibroblasts compared with Ag+. These findings provided the first evidence substantiating a novel functionality of gelatin nanoparticles in both stabilizing and enhancing the activity of AgNPs.

Keywords: antimicrobial activity; cytotoxicity; gelatin nanoparticles; human dermal fibroblasts; silver ion; silver nanoparticles.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents* / pharmacology
  • Citrates
  • Gelatin
  • Gram-Negative Bacteria
  • Gram-Positive Bacteria
  • Humans
  • Metal Nanoparticles*
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Silver / pharmacology

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Silver
  • Gelatin
  • Citrates