Methanobrevibacter massiliense and Pyramidobacter piscolens Co-Culture Illustrates Transkingdom Symbiosis

Microorganisms. 2024 Jan 20;12(1):215. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms12010215.

Abstract

Among oral microbiota methanogens, Methanobrevibacter massiliense (M. massiliense) has remained less studied than the well-characterised and cultivated methanogens Methanobrevibacter oralis and Methanobrevibacter smithii. M. massiliense has been associated with different oral pathologies and was co-isolated with the Synergistetes bacterium Pyramidobacter piscolens (P. piscolens) in one case of severe periodontitis. Here, reporting on two additional necrotic pulp cases yielded the opportunity to characterise two co-cultivated M. massiliense isolates, both with P. piscolens, as non-motile, 1-2-µm-long and 0.6-0.8-µm-wide Gram-positive coccobacilli which were autofluorescent at 420 nm. The two whole genome sequences featured a 31.3% GC content, gapless 1,834,388-base-pair chromosome exhibiting an 85.9% coding ratio, encoding a formate dehydrogenase promoting M. massiliense growth without hydrogen in GG medium. These data pave the way to understanding a symbiotic, transkingdom association with P. piscolens and its role in oral pathologies.

Keywords: Archaea; Methanobrevibacter massiliense; Pyramidobacter piscolens; Synergistetes; dental pulp; hydrogen-free culture; methanogen.

Grants and funding

This work was supported by Institut Hospitalo-Universitaire (IHU) Méditerranée Infection (Marseille, France).