Clinical prognostication and immunotherapy response prediction in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma using the DNA damage repair-associated signature

Environ Toxicol. 2024 May;39(5):2803-2816. doi: 10.1002/tox.24155. Epub 2024 Jan 29.

Abstract

Background: The relationship between DNA damage repair (DDR) and cancer is intricately intertwined; however, its specific role in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) remains enigmatic.

Methods: Employing single-cell analysis, we delineated the functionality of DDR-related genes within the tumor microenvironment (TME). A diverse array of scoring mechanisms, including AUCell, UCell, singscore, ssgsea, and AddModuleScore, were harnessed to scrutinize the activity of DDR-related genes across different cell types. Differential pathway alterations between high-and low-DDR activity cell clusters were compared. Furthermore, leveraging multiple RNA-seq datasets, we constructed a robust DDR-associated signature (DAS), and through integrative multiomics analysis, we explored differences in prognosis, pathways, mutational landscapes, and immunotherapy predictions among distinct DAS groups.

Results: Notably, high-DDR activity cell subpopulations exhibited markedly enhanced cellular communication. The DAS demonstrated uniformity across multiple datasets. The low-DAS group exhibited improved prognoses, accompanied by heightened immune infiltration and elevated immune checkpoint expression. SubMap analysis of multiple immunotherapy datasets suggested that low-DAS group may experience enhanced immunotherapy responses. The "oncopredict" R package analyzed and screened sensitive drugs for different DAS groups.

Conclusion: Through the integration of single-cell and bulk RNA-seq data, we have developed a DAS associated with prognosis and immunotherapy response. This signature holds promise for the future stratification and personalized treatment of ESCC patients in clinical settings.

Keywords: DNA damage repair (DDR); esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC); immunotherapy response; prognosis; single‐cell analysis.

MeSH terms

  • DNA Damage
  • DNA Repair / genetics
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / genetics
  • Esophageal Neoplasms* / therapy
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma* / genetics
  • Esophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma* / therapy
  • Humans
  • Immunotherapy
  • Tumor Microenvironment / genetics