Purpose: To evaluate the biological and physical properties of calcium hydroxide-containing pulp-capping materials and their modifications with different solutions and antioxidant Resveratrol (RES) addition.
Methods: Calcium hydroxide+distilled-water:C, calcium hydroxide+saline:S, calcium hydroxide+synthetic tissue fluid:STF, Dycal:D, calcium hydroxide+distilled-water+RES:C+RES, calcium hydroxide+saline+RES:S+RES, calcium hydroxide+synthetic tissue fluid+RES:STF+RES, Dycal+RES:D+RES were tested. Cytotoxicity was determined by WST-1. Antibacterial-activity was evaluated by agar-diffusion. The water-absorption and solubility were examined for ISO-6876 and ISO-3107. The color-change was evaluated by spectrophotometer. Radiopacity was evaluated for ISO-6876 and ISO-9917. The normal distribution and homogeneity were determined and comparisons were made with appropriate analysis and post hoc tests (P < 0.05).
Results: The highest cell-viability was determined in the C+RES and the lowest was in D and D+RES after 24 h (P < 0.0001). RES-addition increased cell-viability and the highest rate was detected in C+RES, S+RES and STF+RES after 48 h (P < 0.0001). A limited inhibition-zone against Streptococcus mutans was detected in D and D+RES. RES-addition did not change the water-absorption in S and STF or the solubility in S group.
Conclusion: RES-addition may be used to increase the biocompatibility of calcium hydroxide without any adverse effect on physical properties. Saline may be the first choice as a mixing solution.
Keywords: antioxidant; calcium hydroxide; pulp capping; resveratrol.