The Clinical Spectrum of the Parasomnias

Abstract

Parasomnias are defined as abnormal movements or behaviors that occur in sleep or during arousals from sleep. Parasomnias vary in frequency from episodic events that arise from incomplete sleep state transition. The framework by which parasomnias are categorized and diagnosed is based on the International Classification of Sleep Disorders-Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR), published by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine. The recent Third Edition, Text Revision (ICSD-3-TR) of the ICSD provides an expert consensus of the diagnostic requirements for sleep disorders, including parasomnias, based on an extensive review of the current literature.

Keywords: Confusional arousal; Non-REM parasomnias; Parasomnias; REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD); REM parasomnias; Sexsomnia; Sleep terror; Sleep walking; Sleep-related eating disorder.